Journal: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy

Article Title: Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Activities of a Novel Synthetic Cyclic Lipopeptide against Cariogenic Streptococcus mutans UA159

doi: 10.1128/AAC.00776-17

Figure Lengend Snippet: In vitro susceptibilities of planktonic S. mutans UA159

Article Snippet: These results showed that CLP-4 is a promising agent that can effectively inhibit planktonic growth of S. mutans . table ft1 table-wrap mode="anchored" t5 TABLE 1 caption a7 Antimicrobial agent MIC and MBC (μg/ml) by inoculum density of: 6 × 10 5 CFU/ml 2 × 10 7 CFU/ml MIC MBC MIC MBC CLP-4 2.8 6 5 20 Erythromycin 0.016 0.6 0.062 1 Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride 1.25 3.5 1.25 5 Open in a separate window In vitro susceptibilities of planktonic S. mutans UA159 table ft1 table-wrap mode="anchored" t5 TABLE 2 caption a7 Streptococcus mutans strain Serotype MIC (μg/ml) MBC (μg/ml) Reference or source UA159 c 2.8 6 56 ATCC 25175 c 3.0 9 57 LM7 e 2.0 8 58 JF243 c 3.0 <5 59 568-2v-5 2.0 <5 60 764 2.0 5 C. M. Levesque 768 2.0 6 C. M. Levesque Open in a separate window S. mutans strains used in this study and their in vitro susceptibilities to CLP-4

Techniques: In Vitro

Journal: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy

Article Title: Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Activities of a Novel Synthetic Cyclic Lipopeptide against Cariogenic Streptococcus mutans UA159

doi: 10.1128/AAC.00776-17

Figure Lengend Snippet: S. mutans strains used in this study and their in vitro susceptibilities to CLP-4

Article Snippet: These results showed that CLP-4 is a promising agent that can effectively inhibit planktonic growth of S. mutans . table ft1 table-wrap mode="anchored" t5 TABLE 1 caption a7 Antimicrobial agent MIC and MBC (μg/ml) by inoculum density of: 6 × 10 5 CFU/ml 2 × 10 7 CFU/ml MIC MBC MIC MBC CLP-4 2.8 6 5 20 Erythromycin 0.016 0.6 0.062 1 Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride 1.25 3.5 1.25 5 Open in a separate window In vitro susceptibilities of planktonic S. mutans UA159 table ft1 table-wrap mode="anchored" t5 TABLE 2 caption a7 Streptococcus mutans strain Serotype MIC (μg/ml) MBC (μg/ml) Reference or source UA159 c 2.8 6 56 ATCC 25175 c 3.0 9 57 LM7 e 2.0 8 58 JF243 c 3.0 <5 59 568-2v-5 2.0 <5 60 764 2.0 5 C. M. Levesque 768 2.0 6 C. M. Levesque Open in a separate window S. mutans strains used in this study and their in vitro susceptibilities to CLP-4

Techniques: In Vitro

Journal: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy

Article Title: Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Activities of a Novel Synthetic Cyclic Lipopeptide against Cariogenic Streptococcus mutans UA159

doi: 10.1128/AAC.00776-17

Figure Lengend Snippet: Comparative killing kinetics of CLP-4. S. mutans UA159 cultures at a cell density of 6 × 105 CFU/ml were challenged with 5, 10, and 25 μg/ml CLP-4 under conditions of active growth in CDM supplemented with 0.5% (wt/vol) glucose (A) and against growth-arrested cells in CDM lacking any carbon source (B). Samples at time zero were enumerated prior to peptide treatment. Data shown are the means and standard deviations of three biological replicates from three independent experiments.

Article Snippet: These results showed that CLP-4 is a promising agent that can effectively inhibit planktonic growth of S. mutans . table ft1 table-wrap mode="anchored" t5 TABLE 1 caption a7 Antimicrobial agent MIC and MBC (μg/ml) by inoculum density of: 6 × 10 5 CFU/ml 2 × 10 7 CFU/ml MIC MBC MIC MBC CLP-4 2.8 6 5 20 Erythromycin 0.016 0.6 0.062 1 Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride 1.25 3.5 1.25 5 Open in a separate window In vitro susceptibilities of planktonic S. mutans UA159 table ft1 table-wrap mode="anchored" t5 TABLE 2 caption a7 Streptococcus mutans strain Serotype MIC (μg/ml) MBC (μg/ml) Reference or source UA159 c 2.8 6 56 ATCC 25175 c 3.0 9 57 LM7 e 2.0 8 58 JF243 c 3.0 <5 59 568-2v-5 2.0 <5 60 764 2.0 5 C. M. Levesque 768 2.0 6 C. M. Levesque Open in a separate window S. mutans strains used in this study and their in vitro susceptibilities to CLP-4

Techniques:

Journal: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy

Article Title: Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Activities of a Novel Synthetic Cyclic Lipopeptide against Cariogenic Streptococcus mutans UA159

doi: 10.1128/AAC.00776-17

Figure Lengend Snippet: CLP-4 prevents S. mutans biofilm formation. (A) Biofilms inoculated with 2 × 107 CFU/ml were grown for 24 h in the presence of CLP-4, chlorhexidine, or erythromycin at concentrations ranging between 0.6× and 2× their respective MICs. Biofilm formation was quantified using crystal violet staining and expressed in percentage relative to untreated control. Shown are the means and standard deviations of three biological replicates from three independent experiments. *, P < 0.05; ***, P < 0.001 compared to untreated control. (B) Corresponding growth curve kinetics showing the MIC of CLP-4 on S. mutans UA159.

Article Snippet: These results showed that CLP-4 is a promising agent that can effectively inhibit planktonic growth of S. mutans . table ft1 table-wrap mode="anchored" t5 TABLE 1 caption a7 Antimicrobial agent MIC and MBC (μg/ml) by inoculum density of: 6 × 10 5 CFU/ml 2 × 10 7 CFU/ml MIC MBC MIC MBC CLP-4 2.8 6 5 20 Erythromycin 0.016 0.6 0.062 1 Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride 1.25 3.5 1.25 5 Open in a separate window In vitro susceptibilities of planktonic S. mutans UA159 table ft1 table-wrap mode="anchored" t5 TABLE 2 caption a7 Streptococcus mutans strain Serotype MIC (μg/ml) MBC (μg/ml) Reference or source UA159 c 2.8 6 56 ATCC 25175 c 3.0 9 57 LM7 e 2.0 8 58 JF243 c 3.0 <5 59 568-2v-5 2.0 <5 60 764 2.0 5 C. M. Levesque 768 2.0 6 C. M. Levesque Open in a separate window S. mutans strains used in this study and their in vitro susceptibilities to CLP-4

Techniques: Staining, Control

Journal: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy

Article Title: Antibacterial and Antibiofilm Activities of a Novel Synthetic Cyclic Lipopeptide against Cariogenic Streptococcus mutans UA159

doi: 10.1128/AAC.00776-17

Figure Lengend Snippet: Effects of CLP-4 on preformed biofilms. S. mutans UA159 biofilms were established for 24 h and then treated with increasing concentrations (1× to 10× the MIC) of CLP-4, chlorhexidine, or erythromycin. (A) Antibiofilm activities were assessed by quantifying the cell viability of treated biofilms by colony enumeration on agar plates. The means and standard deviations of three biological replicates from three independent experiments are shown. **, P < 0.01; ***, P < 0.001 compared to untreated control. (B) Biofilms treated with 10× the MICs for each antimicrobial were fluorescently labeled using the LIVE/DEAD BacLight viability stain and visualized by confocal laser scanning microscopy. Shown are the top-down three-dimensional (3D) volume rendering of biofilms at a total magnification of ×400. Bottom images represent optical planes in the xz, and vertical thin images represent yz dimensions. Membrane-compromised bacteria are stained red with propidium iodide, while intact bacteria are stained green with SYTO 9. Areas highlighted by dashed lines indicate regions of interest (ROIs) viewed at a higher magnification. Dimensions shown are 387.5 μm by 387.5 μm by 16 μm. (C) ROIs are presented at ×2,300 magnification. Dimensions shown are 68.1 μm by 68.1 μm by 16 μm.

Article Snippet: These results showed that CLP-4 is a promising agent that can effectively inhibit planktonic growth of S. mutans . table ft1 table-wrap mode="anchored" t5 TABLE 1 caption a7 Antimicrobial agent MIC and MBC (μg/ml) by inoculum density of: 6 × 10 5 CFU/ml 2 × 10 7 CFU/ml MIC MBC MIC MBC CLP-4 2.8 6 5 20 Erythromycin 0.016 0.6 0.062 1 Chlorhexidine dihydrochloride 1.25 3.5 1.25 5 Open in a separate window In vitro susceptibilities of planktonic S. mutans UA159 table ft1 table-wrap mode="anchored" t5 TABLE 2 caption a7 Streptococcus mutans strain Serotype MIC (μg/ml) MBC (μg/ml) Reference or source UA159 c 2.8 6 56 ATCC 25175 c 3.0 9 57 LM7 e 2.0 8 58 JF243 c 3.0 <5 59 568-2v-5 2.0 <5 60 764 2.0 5 C. M. Levesque 768 2.0 6 C. M. Levesque Open in a separate window S. mutans strains used in this study and their in vitro susceptibilities to CLP-4

Techniques: Control, Labeling, Staining, Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy, Membrane, Bacteria

Journal: Food Science and Biotechnology

Article Title: Antimicrobial effect of PEG–PLA on food-spoilage microorganisms

doi: 10.1007/s10068-017-0138-7

Figure Lengend Snippet: Antimicrobial characterization of PEG–PLA (10%) on the tested microorganisms

Article Snippet: The results (shown in Table ) were recorded in terms of MIC (mg/mL) percent activity values, which demonstrate the total antimicrobial potency of each polymer concentration, as described by Rangasamy et al. [ 22 ]. table ft1 table-wrap mode="anchored" t5 Table 1 caption a7 Microorganisms MIC MBC–MFC (mg/mL) Bacillus cereus ATCC 6464 25 100 Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 37.5 50 Salmonella Enteritidis ATCC 13076 50 75 Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538 50 100 Klebsiella pneumonia ATCC 700603 50 75 Enterobacter ATCC 19434 75 100 Yersinia enterocolitica ATCC 29913 25 50 Candida albicans ATCC 10231 100 100 Aspergillus parasiticus ATCC 22789 100 100 Penicillium expansum ATCC16104 50 100 Open in a separate window MIC Minimum inhibitory concentration, MBC minimum bactericidal concentration, MFC minimum fungicidal concentration Antimicrobial characterization of PEG–PLA (10%) on the tested microorganisms Determination of the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) Using the results obtained from the MIC assay, the concentrations showing complete absence of visual growth of microorganisms were identified, and 100 μL of each culture broth was transferred and spread on NA for bacteria and on SDA for molds and fungi in preparation for colony counting.

Techniques: